First, the cutter common materials

1) High-speed tool steel (referred to high-speed steel, front steel, etc.), sub-general and special high-speed steel two purposes.
It has the following characteristics:
a, the content of alloying elements tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium higher quenching hardness up to HRC62-70. At 600 ℃ high temperature, to maintain a higher hardness.
b, good edge strength and toughness, high vibration resistance, can be used to manufacture cutting tools in general, poor machine for steel, high-speed steel cutter, still smooth cutting.
c, process performance, forging, machining and grinding are relatively easy, can also create more complex shapes tool.
d, compared with carbide materials, still lower hardness, red hardness and wear resistance of the poor and other shortcomings.
2) Carbide: metal carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium and cobalt-based metal binder by powder metallurgy process made of.
Its main features are as follows:
a, high temperature, at 800-1000 ℃ still maintain good cutting performance, can be used 4-8 times higher than that of high-speed steel cutting speed cutting.
b, high-temperature hardness, good wear resistance.
c, low flexural strength, impact toughness is poor, easy to wear very sharp blade.
Commonly used carbide generally into three categories:
① tungsten carbide cobalt (YG)
Popular brands YG3, YG6, YG8, which number represents the percentage of the amount of cobalt, cobalt containing more, better toughness, the more resistance to shock and vibration, but will reduce the hardness and wear resistance. Therefore, the alloy is suitable for cutting cast iron and non-ferrous metals, can also be used to cut the impact of large rough and through hardened steel and stainless steel.
② titanium carbide cobalt (YT)
Common brands are YT5, YT15, YT30, numbers indicate the percentage of titanium carbide. After carbide containing titanium carbide, can improve the bonding temperature of the steel, to reduce the coefficient of friction, hardness and wear resistance and allows increased slightly, but reduces the flexural strength and toughness of brittle nature, and therefore, the adapt cutting steel alloy parts.
③ General Carbide
Adding an appropriate amount of rare metals in the two carbide carbides, such as carbide, tantalum and niobium carbide, etc., so that grain refinement to improve its normal temperature hardness and high hardness, wear resistance, bonding temperature and oxidation resistance , enabling increased toughness of the alloy, therefore, this type of carbide cutting tools and has a good overall versatility, its brands are: YW1, YW2 and YA6, etc., because of its expensive, mainly for hard processing materials, such as high-strength steel, heat-resistant steel, stainless steel.

Second, the basic requirements for mill cutting portions of the material
1) high hardness and wear resistance: at room temperature, cut part of the material must have sufficient hardness to cut into the workpiece; high wear resistance, the tool did not wear and prolong life.
2) Good heat resistance: the tool cutting process will produce a lot of heat, especially at higher cutting speed, the temperature will be high, and therefore, the tool material should have good heat resistance, both at elevated temperatures can maintain a high hardness, cutting performance can be continued, which has properties of high-temperature hardness, also known as a thermosetting or red hardness.
3) high strength and good toughness: In the cutting process, the tool must withstand great impact, so the tool material should have high strength, or easy breakage and damage. Because the cutter will be shock and vibration, therefore, milling material should also have good toughness, it is not easy to chipping, chipping.